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Signal Transduction and Regulation of Phospholipase A2 during Acrosomal Exocytosis in Spermatozoa
Kun Li1,2, Qi-Xian Shi1, Ya Ni1,2*
1Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China; 2Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China
Abstract: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is an important lipolytic enzymes in spermatozoa， which be constituted by some distinct subtypes. Activation of PLA2 is induced by calcium influx and subsequent membrane fusibility during acrosome reaction in spermatozoa. Activation of PLA2 is regulated by many signaling pathways: Gi-protein， diacylglycerol， protein kinase A， proterin kinase C， mitogen-activated protein kinase and reaction oxygen species. In addition， the crosstalk between PLA2 and phospholipase C may occur by mediating of endogenous diacylglycerol. Clarifying the PLA2 signaling pathways during acrosome reaction in spermatozoa could provide the basis for fertilization mechanism， possible new methods for diagnosis and treatment of male infertility and strategies for contraceptive.
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