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SATB1: A Chromatin Organizer and Global Regulator for Gene Expression
Juan Wang1,3, Zheng Xue2, Wen-Ji Dong1*
1Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; 2National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medi
Abstract: SATB1 (special AT-rich sequences binding protein 1) is polymerized and forms a cage-like structure surrounding heterochromatin， whereby it tethers nuclear matrix and matrix attachment region through direct binding， dynamically orchestrating chromatin DNA loop formation. Signaling events trigger phosphorylation， acetylation， and sumoylation on SATB1， thereby either modulating its DNA binding ability or changing its intranuclear localization. SATB1 associates with a number of molecules， recruits chromatin remodeling complexes and histone modifying enzymes and regulates gene expression temporospatially. This review highlights the roles of SATB1 in cell differentiation， apoptosis， tumor growth and metastasis， and X chromosome inactivation. SATB1 holds promise in clinical therapeutics， particularly cancer metastasis treatment.
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