Research Progress on Structure and Function of Solute Carrier ProteinSLC1/2/5/6 Families
JIANG Bingyan, LÜ Zhiyi*
SLC (solute carrier) proteins comprise a superfamily of integral membrane proteins that mediatethe transmembrane transport of small-molecule solutes, playing a critical role in maintaining homeostasis acrossvarious physiological processes. Their functional dysregulation is closely associated with a wide spectrum of humandiseases. This review systematically elucidates the classification, molecular structural characteristics, transmembrane transport mechanisms, and physiological functions of the SLC1, 2, 5, and 6 families. By integrating recentresearch progress in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, this article highlights the unique advantages ofthe fruit fly model in characterizing SLC protein functions and identifying human clinical pathogenic variants. Thisreview aims to analyze the structure-function relationships of SLC proteins, providing novel insights for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of associated diseases.
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