Advances and Challenges in Hypoimmunogenic Islet β-Cells for Diabetes Therapy
LIU Qingqing1, ZHOU Zelin1, KE Minxia2*, WU Yuehong1*
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hy perglycemia. Prolonged hyperglycemia can lead to severe chronic complications, seriously impacting patients’ qual ity of life and posing a major threat to their health and well-being. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying diabetes and its complications are complex. Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on glycemic control, yet achieving a definitive cure remains challenging. In recent years, cell-based therapies have emerged as a novel direction for diabetes treatment. Both donor islet transplantation and human pluripotent stem cell-derived islet β-cells therapies have demonstrated potential in stabilizing blood glucose levels in clinical trials. However, immune rejection trig gered by allogeneic transplantation remains a major obstacle in cell-based therapies. This review summarizes the detrimental effects of diabetes and its complications, discusses advancements in current therapeutic approaches, and highlights recent progress in the development of hypoimmunogenic islet β-cells for diabetes treatment. The aim of this review is to provide theoretical insights and references for related research fields, ultimately promoting the clinical translation and application of cell-based therapies for diabetes.
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