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The Structure and Function of Protein Phosphatase 2Cs in Higher Plants
Xue-Bo Hu1,2, Feng-Ming Song1*, Zhong Zheng1
1State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; 2Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080,
Abstract: Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation， which are mainly done by protein kinases and phosphatases， two kinds of enzymes possessing converse functions， are most important aspects of signal transduction pathways in all kinds of organisms. Protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs) are a subfamily of protein phosphatases and their biochemical properties and protein structures distinguish themselves from any other subgroups. Plant PP2Cs have been demonstrated to play important roles in abscisic acid (ABA)-activated multiple signal transductions， such as ABA-induced seed dormancy/germination， guard cell closure， ion tunnel regulation and stress acclimation. Meanwhile， plant PP2Cs have also been shown to be involved in signaling in wound response， development and pathogen resistance. As negative regulatory factors of many signaling events， PP2Cs can interact with kinases， other regulatory proteins， or directly combine with DNA to control expression of corresponding genes.
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