Study on the Improvement Effect of Osthol on Periapical Periodontitis Rats by Regulating the SDF-1/CXCR4 Signaling Axis
SHEN Hui, WANG Jing, ZHAO Yapeng, CHEN Yaqiong*
This study aims to investigate the improvement effect of Ost (osthol) on periapical periodontitis in rats by regulating the SDF-1 (stromal cell-derived factor-1)/CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4) signaling axis. A rat model of periapical periodontitis was constructed. Rats were assigned into a Control group, a Model group, low, medium, and high dose osthol groups (Ost-L group, Ost-M group, Ost-H group), and a highdose osthol+SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway inhibitor group (Ost-H+AMD3100 group). HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in rat periodontal tissue. The mandible of rats was subjected to Micro-CT testing. The serum levels of IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-6 (interleukin-6), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) in rat were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of alveolar bone resorption in rats was measured by optical microscopy. The pathological changes in the periapical tissues of rats were observed by HE staining. The expression of OPG (osteoprotegerin) and RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) was detected by immunohistochemistry and the expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway-associated proteins was detected by Western blot. Compared with the Control group, the inflammatory cell infiltration in the periodontal tissue of the Model group was great, and the periodontal membrane widened, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CEJ-ABC distance increased, the apical bone resorption increased, the bone density and bone volume fraction decreased, the expression levels of OPG, SDF-1, and CXCR4 decreased, and the expression level of RANKL increased (P<0.05). Compared with the Model group, the inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated in the Ost-L, Ost-M, and Ost-H groups, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CEJ-ABC distance, apical bone resorption and the expression level of RANKL decreased, while the bone density and bone volume fraction, the expression levels of OPG, SDF-1, and CXCR4 increased (P<0.05). Compared with the Ost-H group, the inflammatory cell infiltration in the Ost-H+AMD3100 group was aggravated, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CEJ-ABC distance increased, apical bone resorption and the expression level of RANKL increased, while the bone density and bone volume fraction, the expression levels of OPG, SDF-1, and CXCR4 decreased (P<0.05). Osthol activates the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis to alleviate inflammatory injury in rats with periapical periodontitis.
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