Progress of Preclinical Research on the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction based on Mesenchymal Stem Cells

MI (myocardial infarction) refers to the acute rupture or erosion of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries, which activates platelets and leads to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. This subsequently results in thrombotic occlusion of the coronary arteries, causing myocardial injury and necrosis. Currently, the clinical treatment methods commonly used for MI have significantly reduced the mortality rate of patients. However, the complications and the optimal revascularization strategy have not yet been clearly defined. At present, a large number of preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed the advantages of MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) in the treatment of MI. However, the application of stem cell implantation into damaged myocardium still faces numerous limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for some means to act synergistically with stem cells. This article systematically reviews the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells, improvement strategies, and the current research progress of their clinical applications.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2025.04.0021