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Antifreeze Protein Structure and Antifreeze Mechanism
Xiu-Jie Xie, Zong-Chao Jia1, Qun Wei*
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 1Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
Abstract: Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are macromolecular antifreeze first isolated from blood serum of Antarctic Cod. Various AFPs have been found from insects， plants， bacteria and fungi and so on. Their gene sequences and several crystal structures have been determined. Recent studies are focused on their antifreeze mechanism in attempts to better understand how exactly AFPs work. AFPs have wide applications. They can aid in the food storage and transplant organ cryopreservation， also by transgene they could enhance the antifreeze ability of crops.
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