Neoantigen Vaccines and Immunotherapy: a Precision Approach for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment
LIU Tao, LIU Jinping*
HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and current treatment options have limited efficacy. This article aims to outline the potential of personalized neoantigen vaccines combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of HCC. By utilizing advanced de novo mass spectrometry techniques to identify patient-specific tumor neoantigens, and integrating machine learning and AI (artificial intelligence) algorithms, a comprehensive methodology and evaluation system is established. This system is based on multiple dimensions, including neoantigen heterogeneity, driver mutations, MHC (major histocompatibility complex) presentation, and TCR (T-cell receptor) affinity, to advance personalized vaccine design. The article highlights previous findings in the field, demonstrating that similar therapeutic approaches can significantly enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. This strategy not only provides a novel approach for personalized and precise immunotherapy in HCC but may also offer breakthroughs for the treatment of other malignancies.
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