Paneth Cells and the Antimicrobial Peptides Secreted by Them: Link to Intestinal Stability and Diseases
LI Lianglan, LI Weiqin*
Paneth cells are a unique type of secretory intestinal epithelial cells. They possess abundant gran ules in their apical cytoplasm. These granules contain important substances such as antimicrobial peptides and growth factors, and play an important role in the interaction between the host and microorganisms. Antimicrobial peptides can regulate the composition of the microbiota, defend against the penetration of commensal bacteria and pathogenic bac teria into the mucosa, and protect the intestinal epithelium. The various factors secreted by Paneth cells can maintain the ecological niche of stem cells. The destroyed or dysfunction of Paneth cells can lead to various intestinal inflam mations, which are primarily associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier disruption. Furthermore, abnormalities in Paneth cell function are implicated in a range of diseases, suggesting a potential causal relationship with disease onset and progression. The article aims to summarize the main types of antimicrobial peptides secreted by Paneth cells and to provide an overview of several diseases associated with Paneth cells.
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