The Mechanism of Total Flavonoids from Allium polyrhizum Exerting Anti-Tumor Effects by Regulating Programmed Cell Death
ZHAO Caiquan, ZHAO Yaru, ZHAO Peng, BAI Lige*
Flavonoids have inhibitory effects on various tumor cells, but it’s not clear whether the total flavonoids of Allium polyrhizum have anti-tumor activity. In this study, the total flavonoids from Allium polyrhizum were found to inhibit three kinds of tumor cells, HeLa, LLC and Hep G2, which confirmed by cell counting, clone formation, scratch, invasion, flow cytometry, real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting, with IC50 values of (90.73±2.20), (78.27±3.24) and (333.20±2.15) μg/mL, respectively; and it could effectively inhibit the proliferative ability, clonogenic ability, migratory ability, and invasive ability of three types of cells; simultaneously promoting apoptosis of HeLa cells and necroptosis of LLC cells; molecular mechanisms revealed that the expression of proapoptotic protein BAX and BAX/BCL2 values were significantly up-regulated in HeLa cells, while the expression of necrotic apoptosis-associated protein RIPK3 was significantly up-regulated in LLC cells after treatment with total flavonoids from Allium polyrhizum; the LLC cell tumorigenesis experiment found that the total flavonoids from Allium polyrhizum also had anti-tumor activity in vivo, and exerted inhibitory effects by promoting necroptosis pathways. In summary, this study revealed that the total flavonoids from Allium polyrhizum had anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro, and the inhibitory effects and mechanisms on different tumor cells were inconsistent. It exerted inhibitory effects on HeLa cells and LLC cells by promoting apoptosis and necroptosis, respectively.
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