Research Progress of Non-Coding RNAs in Tumor Liquid Biopsy
DENG Yiran1, CHEN She2*
Liquid biopsy, a novel non-invasive minimally invasive diagnostic technique, is based on the analysis of biomarkers in body fluid samples, to diagnose disease, monitor disease progression and evaluate efficacy. Liquid biopsy mainly involves the exploration and detection of CTCs (circulating tumor cells), ctDNA (circulating tumor DNA), ncRNAs (non-coding RNAs) and extracellular vesicles. ncRNAs have long been considered as useless RNAs, but recent studies have shown that they play an important role in the pathogenesis of tumors. They constitute an important aspect of gene regulation, and their expression levels are always dysregulated in multiple cancer species, suggesting their clinical potential as tumor biomarkers. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology has made it possible to establish comprehensive molecular characterization of ncRNAs expression profiles in the field of pan-cancer. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of ncRNAs as non-invasive tumor markers, evaluates its applicability as tumor biomarkers, and summarizes the effect of recent breakthroughs in detection technology on the development of tumor molecular markers.
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