Research Progress on Animal Cloning and Related Reprogramming Mechanisms
AI Yirui, LIU Siqi, LI Shifeng*, LI Yiping*
Sheep, cattle, mice, pigs, rhesus monkeys and other animals have been successfully cloned using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology. Cloning technology is also widely used in stock farming, biomedicine, basic scientific research and many other fields. However, the success rate of cloning is low, and the cloned progeny often have various abnormalities. One of the key reasons is the incomplete reprogramming of donor cells. After the donor nucleus enters the enucleated egg, it will undergo a series of events such as nuclear envelope degradation, premature chromosome condensation, oocyte activation, nuclear expansion, and zygotic genome activation, during which chromatin structure reprogramming, histone variant integration, histone modification reprogramming, DNA methylation reprogramming and other reprogramming processes will occur. Only successfully reprogrammed embryos can develop into individuals normally. This paper summarizes the progress of reprogramming research in cloning in recent years and introduces emerging semi-clone technology, hoping to deepen the understanding of the reprogramming mechanism, so that the efficiency of cloning can be improved.
CN
EN