Research Progress on Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Ovarian Cancer and Targeted Therapy with Enzyme Inhibitors
WU Haoyue1,2, ZHENG Huimei1, XU Shanshan1, FENG Yan1, XI Yongmei1,2*
Ovarian cancer is the gynecological tumor with the highest mortality rate. Up to 75% of ovarian cancer patients have developed into advance stage when they are diagnosed as ovarian cancer. The five-year survival rate is less than 45% worldwide. The main treatment methods for ovarian cancer include surgery and chemotherapy with paclitaxel, platinum and other targeted therapies. However, due to its susceptibility to drug resistance and high recurrence rate, the prognosis of patients is poor, which brings great challenges to the treatment of ovarian cancer. Recent researches shows that secondary cytoreductive surgery is of great benefit to the survival of patients with platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Maintenance therapy with the PARP inhibitor Olaparib can prolong the OS (overall survival) of patients with BRCA mutation in recurrent ovarian cancer, suggesting that some ovarian cancer may evolve into chronic diseases. Abnormal lipid metabolism is one of the most significant metabolic changes in ovarian cancer. For example, the changes of cholesterol, glycerolphospholipid, sphingomyelin and their related metabolic pathways are closely related to the occurrence, development and drug resistance of ovariancancer. In recent years, some progress has been made in the preclinical study of lipid metabolism related enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian cancer. This review focuses on the abnormal changes of important lipids and lipid metabolism related transcription factors such as SREBP, PPARs, and APOA1 in ovarian cancer cells. This review summarizes research progress on drug resistance and the roles of enzyme inhibitors such as FASN, SCD1, CPT1 and ACLY in targeted therapy of ovarian cancer, providing information for clinical research and treatment of ovarian cancer.
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