Optimal Effects of Heat-Inactivated Complement Serum on Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Immune Cell Cultures
WANG Tingting, OU Minghui, CAO Lijuan*
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum on cell culture. Umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells and human peripheral mononuclear cells were cultured in the medium with uninactivated and heat-inactivated serum in 56 °C for 30 min. There were significant differences between uninactivated and heat-inactivated serum in regard to the rate of proliferation of mesenchymal stem cell, levels of immunoregulatory proteins and rate of proliferation of T cells. The results showed that there was no difference in the morphology of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured with heat-treated or untreated serum, but the proliferation rate and expression levels of immune regulatory proteins IDO and COX-2 were increased by cultured with heat-inactivated serum. In addition, heat-inactivated serum could significantly increase the proliferation rate of T cells. Additionally, complement C3a, which reflected the activity of complement system, was downregulated after heat inactivation. However, the proliferation of hUCMSCs cultured in medium contained uninactivated serum was also increased through inhibiting the activity of complement using compstatin. Besides that, compstatin treatment also upregulated the IDO and COX-2 expression levels cultured in uninactivated serum contained medium. In conclusion, heat-inactivated serum at 56 °C for 30 min could enhance the immune regulation ability of stem cells and increase the proliferation rate of T cells. Therefore, heat-inactivated serum was recommended in scientific research experiments.
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