Protective Effect of Sodium Octanoate on Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation/ Reperfusion Injury of Skeletal Muscle Cells

This work was to investigate the protective effect of sodium octanoate on OGD/Rep (oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion) injury of skeletal muscle cells. A trypan-blue assay was used to determine the effects of six different concentrations of sodium octanoate on the 24 h survival rate of skeletal muscle cells. The OGD/Rep model of skeletal muscle cells was constructed by the compound sugar and reoxygenation method after glucose and oxygen deprivation. The cells were randomly divided into the control group, the OGD/Rep group, the 0.25 mmol/L sodium octanoate group and the 0.50 mmol/L sodium octanoate group. Cell activity was determined by CCK8 assay, and the levels of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), ·O2 – (superoxide) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) in each group were detected. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using the fluorescent probe JC-1. Apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL assay. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Mfn-2 and Drp-1 proteins. Among the groups treated with six concentrations of sodium octanoate, only the 0.25 mmol/L sodium octanoate group and 0.50 mmol/L sodium octanoate group had no statistically significant difference in cell survival rate with the control group (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, OGD/Rep group showed lower cell viability, higher LDH level, higher ·O2 – production, lower SOD activity, lower mitochondrial membrane potential and more apoptotic cells (P<0.05). Compared with the OGD/Rep group, the cell activity of the 0.25 mmol/L and 0.50 mmol/L sodium octanoate groups were increased, and the LDH release decreased (P<0.05); the ·O2 – of the 0.25 mmol/L sodium octanoate group showed a trend towards decrease but the difference was not significant statistically (P>0.05); SOD activity increased in 0.25 mmol/L sodium octanoate group (P<0.05). Compared with OGD/Rep group, the mitochondrial membrane potential increased and the number of apoptotic cells decreased in 0.25 mmol/L and 0.50 mmol/L sodium octanoate groups. Compared with the control group, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax protein and the expression of Drp-1 and Mfn-2 proteins decreased in OGD/Rep group, while the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax protein and the expression of Drp-1 and Mfn-2 proteins increased in 0.25 mmol/L and 0.50 mmol/L sodium octanoate groups compared with OGD/Rep group. This study suggests that the early application of sodium octanoate can reduce the OGD/Rep-induced injury of skeletal muscle cells, reduce the peroxidation damage and reduce the apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of sodium octanoate on the dynamic balance of mitochondrial structure

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2021.12.0009