The SET-Domain Protein Family: Classification and Biological Functions in Hematopoiesis
LI Mengke#, CHU Yajing#, YUAN Weiping*
The SET-domain protein family possess a conserved catalytic domain which can utilize the cofactor SAM (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) to achieve methylation of its substrates and catalyze the methylation of H3K4, H3K9, H3K27, H3K36 and H4K20 to regulate the activation or repression of genes. Additionally, SETdomain proteins have also been shown to possess catalytic activity towards various non-histone proteins. Mutations of SET-domain proteins have been shown to be linked to human disease initiation and progression. High frequency mutations of SET-domain protein family in hematopoietic system have been related to hematologic malignancies. This review summarizes the classifications and biological functions of the SET-domain protein family and the most recent advances of their roles in hematopoiesis and leukemia.
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