Progress on the Mechanism of MBD3 Regulating the Pluripotency of Stem Cells and Reprogramming
YUAN Wen, YUE Yongli, LI Xueling*
MBD3 (methyl CpG binding domain 3) is a member of the MBD (methyl CpG binding domain) protein family and a core subunit of the NuRD (nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex). The MBD3 protein can bind to the unmethylated DNA, functioning through the MBD domain or in combination with NuRD. MBD3 is a key protein for embryonic development and differentiation due to involving in scaffolding chromatin structure and activating transcription processes to regulate the pluripotency and lineage differentiation of embryonic stem cells. MBD3 also plays an important role in the somatic cell and neural stem cell reprogramming. Furthermore, MBD3 affects cell metabolism under hypoxic environment. This paper highlights the roles of MBD3 in DNA demethylation, chromatin structure modelling, transcription regulation, pluripotency maintaining and lineage differentiation of embryonic stem cells, the somatic cell reprogramming and the effect on cell metabolism under hypoxia, aiming to provide a reference for the epigenetic research of embryonic stem cells and the optimization of reprogramming technology.
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