Research Progress on the Isolation and Preservation Techniques of Exosomes
HAN Jie, GE An, MA Xiaoxia, WANG Jiayue, YANG Caiting, DONG Li*
Exosomes, nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles enveloped in a lipid bilayer membrane, are released by almost living cells through a series of regulatory processes such as “endocytosis-fusion-efflux”. Exosomes are present in numerous biological fluids such as blood and urine. Exosomes are carriers of several molecules including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which not only play vital roles in substance exchange and signal communication from one cell to others, but also have some implications in disease diagnosis, prognosis prediction and treatment management. The efficient extraction, isolation and intact preservation of exosomes are important prerequisites for the subsequent biological mechanism-related studies and for the development of exosomes-based testing and relevant therapeutic technique. This article reviews the latest research progress made domestically and internationally on the isolation and preservation techniques of exosomes, as well as analyzes the technical characteristics of each technique. This article aims to provide informative summarization for the methodological standardization of isolation and preservation of exosomes, as well as promote the development of related techniques.
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