Reprogramming Factors Involved in Generation of Induced Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells
Ling Wenhui, Wang Mingyu, Xiong Chunxia, Xie Dengfeng, Chen Qiyu, Chu Xinyue, Li Yunxin, Qiu Xiaoyan, Li Yuemin, Xiao Xiong*
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the major type of myelin-generatingcells in the central nervous system (CNS), dysfunction of them contributes to a variety of neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and congenital leukodystrophies. Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for those demyelinating diseases. After the brain tissue is injured, OPCs will be differentiated into OLs which can remyelinate the axon, but this kind of repairability is very limited because there are only 5% to 8% OPCs in the brain. Reprogramming of mammalian cells into induced OPCs (iOPCs) in vitro is a promising strategy for remyelination, but some problems such as lower productive efficiency and long-time culture for generation of them in vitro need to be solved or improved. Therefore, different induced factors (including defined transcription factors, miRNAs and small molecules), problems and application prospects of iOPCs were reviewed in this paper in order to provide the theoretical and technological guidances for disease modeling, new drug development and regenerative medicine research.
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