The Emerging Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis

Xu Jin¹, Luo Chao¹, Zhu Zhenguo¹, Song Wei¹, Yin Ming¹, Yin Changchang²*

(¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; ²Jiujiang University, Key Laboratory of Medical Transformation of Jiujiang, Jiujiang 332000, China)

Abstract:

Osteoarthritis (OA), as a disease of the joint as an “organ”, which is accompanied with complex pathologic changes. Accumulating evidence indicate that a critical role of chronic and low-grade inflammation and concomitant immunoreaction in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Mesenchymal stem cell attracted the most attention due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory abilities of MSC are mainly attributed to the paracrine secretion, particularly exosomes, which is the main mechanism of MSC. MSC-derived exosomes could transfer bioactive substances, especially miRNA, which orchestrate inflammatory microenvironment and promote repairing effect in tissue injury. In this review, we discuss potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity roles and plasticity of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes in OA. This may shed new light on osteoarthritis treatment.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2019.06.0020