The Effects of CSE-Induced M2 Polarized Macrophages on Lung Carcinoma Invasion and Migration
Shi Meng, Wang Xiaohui, Deng Yafei, Zhou Xiaocui, Chen Hong*
The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the polarization of monocytes THP-1 cells and the effects of CSE-induced tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on the invasion and metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 and PC-9 cells. After THP-1 cells were stimulated by CSE for 96 h, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-12 were examined by ELISA and qRT-PCR and the expression of CD163 was detected by flow cytometry. p-STAT6/STAT6 was significantly activated in THP-1 cells, as determined by Western blot analysis. It was used to detect the protein expression (E-cadherin and Vimentin) of EMT in NSCLC cells by Western blot and the invasion and migration ability of NSCLC cells by Transwell assay after co-culturing with TAMs. The results showed that CSE induced M2 polarization in THP-1 cells (the upregulation of TGF-β, CD163+, the downregulation of TNF-α, IL-12, P<0.05). CSE induced M2 polarization in THP-1 cells through p-STAT6/STAT6 pathway. TAMs promoted EMT (the downregulation of E-cadherin, the upregulation of Vimentin ) in NSCLC cells and further enhanced the invasion and migration ability of NSCLC cells (P<0.05). CSE induces the activation of M2-polarized TAMs in THP-1 cells through p-STAT6/STAT6, and TAMs promote EMT, invasion and migration in NSCLC cells.
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