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The Effects of Digoxin on the Growth of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro
Chen Chao1, Wang Yufeng1, Pan Yuan1, Li Hai2*
1Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; 2Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
Abstract: This work was aimed to investigate the effect of digoxin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition， proliferation， migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cell HT29， SW480 and SW620 lines. Colorectal cancer cells were treated with the different concentrations of digoxin and growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay. Cell migration was observed by wound healing assay and cell invasion was measured by Transwell invasion assay. The relative levels of proteins were determined by Western blot. RT-PCR was used to detect the changes of VEGF mRNA level after digoxin treatment. The results showed that digoxin inhibited the proliferation of HT29 and SW480 cells in dose-and time-dependent manner but no significant inhibition of SW620 cells. Compared with the control group in EMT related protein markers， E-cadherin in cells was significantly increased and the levels of N-cadherin， SNAIL， Slug and vimentin were significantly decreased， and only the level of Slug protein in SW620 cells was significantly decreased by Western blot. The levels of VEGF protein in HT29 and SW480 cells were significantly decreased but no change in SW620 cells. Compared with the control group， the levels of VEGF mRNA of HT29 and SW480 cells was significantly decreased after digoxin intervention， while SW620 cells no change significantly. Therefore， digoxin can inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and inhibit the development of EMT， and has a better potential for the treatment of early colorectal cancer.
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