Gene Structure， Evolution， Distribution and Function of Phospholipid Scramblase

Abstract: Phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR) gene family encodes a kind of Ca2+-dependent multiple-palmitoylated type II endofacial plasma membrane protein， which exists in all eukaryotes. PLSCR is activated in a high concentration of calcium ion， which involved in the collapse of phospholipid (PL) asymmetry at the plasma membrane leading to externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS). Under this activated state， PLSCR mainly regulates the transbilayer movement of the phospholipid in the process of cell activation， damage and apoptosis. More and more evidences revealed that PLSCR not only played an important role in cell proliferation and differentiaton， but also contributed to other physiological pathways， including lipid metabolism， blood coagulation cascade， structure and function maintenance of mitochondrial and immune response. For a more comprehensive understanding of PLSCR gene families， this paper reviewed the gene structure， evolution， distribution and function of PLSCR based on the recent studies.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2016.09.0013