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The NSD Family of Histone Methyltransferase and Tumorigenesis
Huan Tong1, Pan Yun2, Li Yan1*
1Laboratory of Pathology, College of Basic Medical, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; 2Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, China
Abstract: Histone modification regulates gene transcription and other DNA related biological functions through adjusting the structure of the chromatins. The NSD proteins (nuclear receptor binding SET domain proteins)， including NSD1-3， are a family of cancer related histone lysine methyltransferases， among which NSD2 is most closely associated with cancer. Recent studies showed that NSD2 was overexpressed in many cancers including multiple myeloma， neuroblastoma， hepatocyte carcinoma， etc. High expression of NSD2 was associated with poor prognosis of many cancer types. NSD2 has properties of proto-oncogenes， as its overexpression promotes cell proliferation， colony formation， invasion and exograft growth. However， although NSD1 and NSD3 form fusion proteins with nucleoporin 98 kDa (NUP98) in AML and promote tumorgenesis， NSD1 and NSD3 alone behave more like tumor suppressors. Here， we reviewed the current knowledge on NSD family in tumorigenesis and prospect their special value in cancer management.
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