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A New Macro Molecular Nano-carrier—Recent Advances in Research and Application of Cell Penetrating Peptides
Qin Ying1, Wang Guixiang2, Liu Fan2*
1School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100089, China; 2Vegetable Research Centre,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
Abstract: Novel classes and applications of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are being constantly discovered since they were first identified 2 decades ago. These short peptides either by covalent binding or by noncovalent binding can traverse cell membranes and deliver a variety of molecules that are unable to overcome the permeability barrier in their own capacity. As a nanoscale transport carrier， most of CPPs are non-toxic and have become a new potential tool in pharmacology， therapeutics， diagnostics， and studies on the function of proteins and nucleic acids. Here， we review the progress and compendium of research on CPPs from seven aspects， including the classification， the relationships of structure and function， transmembrane mechanisms， the localization of organelles， cytotoxicity， the connection pattern of exogenous substances and applications. Meanwhile， the existing-challenges and future prospects are also discussed.
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