Introduction of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-engineered T Cells and the Clinical Use for Anticancer

Abstract: Adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACI) is one of the most effective comprehensive anticancer therapies. It has achieved expectable curative effect on different solid tumors and hematological malignancies suggested by recent data and striking clinical responses. As an ACI， chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell therapy has been rapidly developed in recent years. By the use of genetic modification techniques， effector T cells have better properties with regard to targeting， killing activity and durability than immunocytes of conventional application.CAR-T cells can overcome the local immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and break the immune tolerance in host. At present， the signal domain of CAR has been developed from the single to multiple structure containing costimulatory molecules such as CD28 and 4-1BB， and has been widely used in clinic. However， there are potential risks on account of the off-target effect， insertion mutation， etc. In this paper， applications and problems of CAR-T cells in cancer immunotherapy are reviewed for clinical guidance.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2014.02.0013