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Biological Characters of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Potential Functions for Cardiovascular Repair
Li Qiong1,2, Zhang Min3, Guo Zhikun1*, Li He2
1Key Open Laboratory for Tissue Regeneration of Henan University, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; 2Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technolo
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in adult tissues including bone marrow， adipose tissues and so on. They can be easily isolated and cultured in vitro， which are heterogeneous cells of plastic adherence. MSCs possess plasticity of differentiation and can be modified to adopt cardiomyocyte and vascular cell phenotypic characteristics under appropriate in vitro culture conditions. Some preclinical studies have demonstrated their capacity to facilitate both myocardial repair and neovascularization in cardiac injury models. The mechanisms underlying these effects appear to be mediated predominantly through indirect paracrine actions， and direct regeneration of endogenous cells by transdifferentiation. Clinical application of MSCs has showed that MSCs have immunosuppressive action and can be used for allogeneic transplanation. Overall， MSCs are an attractive cell population for cardiovascular repair and cardic engineering; however， basic and clinical researches are still required.
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