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Maintenance， Transition and Reversion of the Shoot Apical Meristem during Plant Development
Yan Jiang1,2, Wei Zu1, Cun-Xiang Wu2*
1College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2Institute of Crop Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: The shoot apical meristems (SAM) produce new cells for new organs and tissues continuously， and their activity depends on regulatory genes that balance between proliferation of meristems and organogenesis. Cells originated from SAMs of non-photosynthetic capacity can form vegetative organs of photosynthetic capacity. During the transition from vegetative to reproductive development， SAMs change to influorescence meristems， and ultimately floral meristems. Before the phase of floral determination， the status of SAMs is affected by environmental signals and transcriptional networks largel. Mainly using Arabidopsis as a modal plant， the complex and different transcriptional networks with maintenance and transition of the SAM are discussed in this review. In the flower and inflorescence reversion， the positioning of these stem cells within the SAM is also regulated by a set of genes， which display spatially distinct patterns of expression. The transition and harmony of determinate and indeterminate meristems are a major determinant function of organogenesis and of plant architecture.
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