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Mechanism of Immunosuppression and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Pei-Shun Shou1#, Yin Huang1#, Juan-Juan Su1, Qing Chen1, Wen-Zhao Li1, Xin-Li Tian1, Guang-Wu Xu2, Guang-Wen Ren2, Yu-Fang Shi1,2*
1Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; 2Department of Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and I
Abstract: The discovery of the differentiation and immunosuppression capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) makes them great candidates for treating various immune disorders such as graft versus host disease (GVHD) and autoimmune diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the immunosuppression property of MSCs is not innate， but rather induced by inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ， in combination with TNFα， IL-1α， or IL-1β) released by activated T cells. The effect of these inflammatory cytokines is exerted through the induction of MSCs to produce large amount of chemokines and nitric oxide (NO). Chemokines drive T cell to the proximity of MSCs， whereby high concentration of NO suppresses T cell activities. These studies provide fundamental information for better clinical applications of MSCs in clinical settings.
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