Assembly and Function of Centrosome and Primary Cilium in Mammals
QI Jingjin#, CUI Wenjuan#, FU Wenxiang*
Centrosomes are duplicated only once during cell division and distributed to daughter cells. They start to assemble primary cilia when cells exit the cell cycle. This article summarizes the dynamic assembly mechanisms of centrosomes and primary cilia in the mammalian cell cycle. These include centriole structural changes and duplication, centrosome formation of spindle poles, and primary cilia assembly and disassembly. This article also elaborates on the roles of centrosomes as microtubule organizing centers and their functions in stem cell asymmetric division. Moreover, it discusses the functions of primary cilia as signaling centers. This article then takes tumors and ciliopathies as examples to illustrate the association of centrosomes and primary cilia with diseases. In the future, it is essential to further study and understand the basic biological mechanisms of centrosomes and primary cilia, as well as their physiological and pathological functions.
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