Advances in In Vitro Gametogenesis of Mammals
CHEN Lanxin, YANG Rui, ZHANG Boyang, ZHU Chunling, ZHAO Yansen, TANG Bo, ZHANG Xueming*
The totipotency of germ cells ensures the diversification and sustainability of the genetic and epigenetic information. Based on the deep understanding of the mechanisms of germ cell development and the applications of stem cell technology in reproduction, significant progress has been made in the research of using PSCs (pluripotent stem cells) to reconstruct germ cell development in vitro. These PSCs include the iPSCs (induced PSCs) generated by somatic reprogramming induced by transcription factors/chemical small molecules and ESCs (embryonic stem cells) from the preimplantation embryos. The reconstruction of germ cell development in vitro is also known as IVG (in vitro gametogenesis), which is important not only to lay the foundation for further exploration of the mechanisms of germ cell development, but also to open up prospects for innovative medical applications. Here, the current progress of mammalian IVG and its challenges were discussed.
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