Research Progress in Serum Protein Markers of Renal Cell Carcinoma
FU Yulin, HUANG Biao, ZHOU Xiumei*
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the urinary system. In recent years, with the development and application of “targeted therapy”, the treatment of renal cell carcinoma has made great progress, but targeted therapy mainly targets patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma or inoperable renal cell carcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of early-stage renal cell carcinoma can reach more than 90% if timely operation, but the 5-year overall survival rate of advanced renal cell carcinoma drops sharply to only 12%. Renal cell carcinoma has hidden onset and no obvious clinical features, which makes it difficult for patients to detect it. Clinical cases of renal cell carcinoma are mostly discovered incidentally during tests (i.e., abdominal imaging) performed for other reasons, and often have advanced stage or have progressed to distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, leading to poor prognosis. A variety of cancer serum protein markers have been found, which show excellent effect on early clinical diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. This article reviews the serum protein markers found in renal cell carcinoma in recent years, in order to provide theoretical reference for early diagnosis, treatment, course monitoring and prognosis assessment of the disease.
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