Role of Macrophage Plasticity and Polarization in Tissue Homeostasis and Disease

SONG Dan¹, XIONG Xiaofan^2,3, YANG Yu^2,3, LIN Yushi¹,WANG Mengjie¹, XIN Yanlong^2,3*, GENG Jing^2,3*

( ¹ Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, China; ² National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China; ³ International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China)

Abstract:

Macrophages are one of the most important innate immune cells, the polarization and plasticity are their distinguishing characteristics. This allows macrophages to respond accurately to local stimulates and ligands, and obtain characteristics and functions that match the local microenvironment, to properly participate in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. However, the disorder of polarization and plasticity is also closely related to diseases. The role of macrophage polarity and plasticity regulation in a variety of physiological and pathological processes is still unclear and needs to be sorted out and summarized. Therefore, this review uses pathological processes such as infection, inflammation, tumors, and chronic diseases, as well as normal physiological processes such as tissue repair, aging, and pregnancy to discuss the key role of macrophage polarization and plasticity, in tissue homeostasis and disease. This study aims to describe the overall picture of macrophage polarization and plasticity in health and disease from a new dimension. Depicting the panorama of macrophage polarity remodeling in health and disease. Aiming to identify molecules of multiple lineages of polarity remodeling in macrophages. Unraveling the signaling network and mechanism of macrophage differentiation. Aims to develop a range of drugs and interventions to provide new strategies for the treatment of infections, inflammation, tumors and chronic diseases

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2022.05.0014