The Role of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in the Interaction between Pathogenic Microorganisms and Host Cells

Extracellular vesicles refer to spherical nano-scale membrane vesicles with a double-layered membrane structure released by all types of cells, including immune cells through different biogenesis pathways, containing lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, genetic material, enzymes and various virulence factors. They can be separated from many biological fluids. Extracellular vesicles are considered to be powerful carriers of intercellular communication in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and can participate in a wide range of biological processes. The paper describes the extracellular vesicle size and composition in terms of extracellular vesicles, bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles, and bacterial-derived extracellular vesicle-host cell interactions, further elaboration on the characteristics, functions, and occurrence of extracellular vesicles of bacterial origin and the inflammatory response and cell death they trigger. Finally, the application of bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles as vaccines and carriers has prospected.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2022.05.0013