Transcriptional Phase Separation Model of Super-Enhancers and Advances in Cancer Research
LEI Xinxing, LIU Quentin*
SEs (super-enhancers) are clusters of enhancers that drive a high transcription level. SEs driven genes network play prominent roles in the decision of cell identity. Recently, PS (phase separation) of transcriptional machinery was reported as a model to explain high expression in proximal SEs. This review systematically discusses the principal factors in PS of transcriptional machinery. The relationship amongst factors by intermolecular force tells a story from SEs forming to transcriptional activation. Under epigenetic/genetic alterations, SEs driven oncogenes promote tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance in cancer. Physical biology has renewed scientists’ thinking on the regulation of cancer cells transcription
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