Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Liver Cancer Microenvironment and Personalized Immunotherapy
CHENG Yifei, GAO Qiang*
TIME (tumor immune microenvironment) is a highly organized ecosystem made of cancer cells and surrounding immune cells. These two components communicate and interact with each other at spatial and temporal levels, resulting in spatiotemporal heterogeneity. It’s noteworthy that spatiotemporal TIME heterogeneity closely correlates with clinically relevant neoplastic phenotypes. And antigen presentation, chemokine programs, and immune metabolism play key roles in the regulation of spatial and temporal TIME heterogeneity. With the application of novel research approaches, spatiotemporal TIME heterogeneity will be further decoded, prompting personalized liver cancer immunotherapy strategies based on distinct spatiotemporal TIME patterns. Advances in spatiotemporal TIME heterogeneity research will ultimately bring benefits to patients in clinical settings.
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