Effects of Tanshinone IIA Combined with CASC2 on Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration and Invasion of Thyroid Cancer Cells
HUANG Min1, YANG Yan2*
To study the effect of tanshinone IIA combined with lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) CASC2 (cancer susceptibility candidate 2) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells, this study detected the expression of CASC2 in thyroid cancer tissues by qRT-PCR (real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR). Thyroid cancer SW579 cells were divided into pcDNA3.1 group (transfected with pcDNA3.1 plasmid), pcDNA3.1 CASC2 group (transfected with pcDNA3.1-CASC2 plasmid), con group (treated with dimethyl sulfoxide in the same amount as tanshinone IIA), medicine-1, 2, 3, 4 groups (separately treated with 1, 2, 4, 8 μg/mL tanshinone IIA), medicine-4+pcDNA3.1 group (transfected with pcDNA3.1 plasmid and treated with 8 μg/mL tanshinone IIA), medicine-4+pcDNA3.1-CASC2 group (transfected with pcDNA3.1-CASC2 plasmid and treated with 8 μg/mL tanshinone IIA). CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) and plate clones separately were used to detect cell survival and colony formation. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Transwell was applied to determine cell migration and invasion, and protein P21, Caspase-3 (Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3), E-cadherin and MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) expression were analyzed by Western blot. The results showed that, compared with adjacent tissues, the expression of CASC2 in thyroid cancer tissues was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Overexpression of CASC2 obviously decreased the survival rate, colony formation, the number of migrating cells, the number of invading cells, and MMP-2 protein expression in SW579 cells, while markedly increased the apoptosis rate, as well as P21, Caspase-3, and E-cadherin protein expression (P<0.05). Tanshinone IIA dramatically reduced the survival rate, the number of colony formation, the number of migrating cells, the number of invading cells, and the level of MMP-2 protein in SW579 cells, while distinctly improved the rate of apoptosis, and the expression levels of P21, Caspase-3, and E-cadherin proteins, which were all concentration-dependent (P<0.05). Tanshinone IIA combined with CASC2 remarkably reduced the survival rate, colony formation, the number of migrating cells, the number of invading cells, and MMP-2 protein expression in SW579 cells, while greatly enhanced the apoptosis rate, as well as P21, Caspase-3, and E-cadherin protein levels (P<0.05). So it can be concluded that, tanshinone IIA combined with CASC2 can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells, and induce cell apoptosis.
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