The Research Progress on the Role of Gut Commensal Bacteria Response to Toxoplasma gondii Infection
SU Ruijing, YANG Yurong*
Ingestion of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts or cysts is the main pathway for infection of T. gondii in animals and humans. T. gondii enters the small intestine to initiate Th1 cellular immune response and intestinal dysbiosis, and induces Paneth cell loss, the changes of composition of commensal bacteria and translocation causing an acute inflammatory response in the intestine and increasing the infection and invasion of T. gondii. However, after germ-free mice infected with T. gondii, intestinal pathological damage is milder and the mice maintain a longer survival time. In addition, some gut commensal bacteria play a molecular adjuvant role in the infection of T. gondii. The commensal bacteria and mucosal immunity maintain the balance of immune system to defense against pathogen microbiota invasion. During the infection of T. gondii, the process of infection, the degree of Paneth cell loss and the process of gut commensal dysbacteria are mutually promoted. This paper reviews the related researchs on intestinal commensal bacteria and infection of T. gondii.
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