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Stem Cells in Treatment of Blinding Eye Disease: Origination and Application
He Xiangyu1, Gong Yu2, Bian Baishijiao2, Fu Yan2, Yin Zhengqin1,2*
1Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China; 2Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
Abstract: Besides stem cells established from embryos， fetal tissues as well as umbilical cord blood， various stem cell linages have been identified in specific tissue niches throughout the adult mammalians body such as bone marrow， brain， skin， heart， eyes， kidney， lung， gastrointestinal tract， pancreas， liver， breast， ovary， and prostate. All stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can generate any germ-layer types of progenitor populations or terminal somatic cells and exhibit self-renewal through symmetric or asymmetric cell division. Thus， stem cells could potentially contribute to tissue homeostasis or to tissue regeneration by signaling factors paracrine or cells replenishing after lesions occur. In recent years， the remarkable progress made in regenerative medicine by using stem cell or stem cell induced cellula visualis indicates promise for the treatment of ocular diseases. This paper reviewed the research progress and potential source of stem cell for the treatment of blinding ocular diseases.
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