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Innate Immune Detection and Activation to Viral Infection
Sun Wenxiang, Jiang Zhengfan*
State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Abstract: Viral infections are detected by the innate immune system， which sequentially activates downstream signaling pathways， resulting to the production of type-I interferons (e.g IFNα/β) and many other inflammatory cytokines (e.g TNFα， IL-1and IL-18). Viral detecting is mediated by a set of receptors called germlineencoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs)， including Toll-like receptors， RIG-I like receptors， Nod-like receptors， Hin-200 family proteins and some cytoplasmic DNA receptors. Activation of these PRRs will lead to the activation of different signaling pathways， which are all strictly regulated through various protein modifications. In this review， we focus on the current understanding of the antiviral innate immune activation and the related regulating mechanism.
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