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ISG15 and Its Modification: The Roles in Innate Immunity
He-Xin Shi, Wei Chen, Chen Wang*
Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
Abstract: The interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is the first ubiquitin-like protein identified in eukaryotic cells. Post-translationally， ISG15 covalently modi es various proteins via a biochemical pathway parallel to that of ubiquitin. The physiological targets and functional signi cances of ISGylation are still largely unknown. Given that ISG15 is strongly induced by type I interferon and virus infection， ISG15 is proposed to play important roles in innate immunity， in particular for antiviral responses. Here， we review recent progresses on biochemical and functional characterization of ISG15 conjugating system， highlighting the antiviral functions of ISGylation.
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