Research Progress on the Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
LI Ruizheng1, ZHANG Haiyan2*
ALD (alcohol-associated liver disease) is a hepatic disorder caused by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, characterized by a spectrum of pathological features including hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The development and progression of ALD are influenced not only by the amount and duration of alcohol intake but also significantly by an individual’s genetic background, which plays a critical role in disease susceptibility and the diversity of clinical phenotypes. In recent years, SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), as the most common type of genetic variation in the human genome, have attracted widespread attention for their mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of ALD. This review summarizes recent advances in the study of SNPs in genes closely associated with the initiation and progression of ALD, aiming to provide a crucial foundation for constructing SNP-based genetic risk assessment models. Such models are essential for enabling early screening of high-risk populations, guiding personalized interventions, and improving prognostic evaluation.
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