Application of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

IS (ischemic stroke) is currently one of the leading causes of disability and mortality world wide. The primary challenge lies in the limitations of its treatment efficacy, including factors such as the narrow therapeutic time window of conventional therapies, low blood-brain barrier penetration rates, and potential sys temic toxicity. Nanomaterials, leveraging their advantages in targeted delivery, controlled release and biocom patibility, offer novel approaches to overcome the challenges in IS treatment. This review shows the cascade of pathological mechanisms in IS injury, including excitotoxicity, oxidative/nitrative stress, neuroinflammation, and cell death. It focuses on key advances in therapeutic strategies based on liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, and cell-derived biomimetic nanocarriers. It covers multiple strategies such as anti oxidation, anti-inflammation, regeneration/repair and multifunctional synergistic therapy as well as compares the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. Owing to their designable structures and tunable functional ities, nanomaterials demonstrate considerable potential for achieving multi-mechanism synergistic intervention and pre

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2026.03.0023