Research Progress of Scgn in the Nervous System
WANG Dong, CHEN Huidan, GONG Jihong*, YANG Xiaofei*
Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors. As a key participant in calcium signaling, Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its six EF-hand domains, including endocrine granule secretion, synaptic vesicle release, and plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. This review systematically summarizes Scgn’s structural characteristics, expression patterns, and multifaceted roles within the nervous system, while exploring its potential pathological significance and therapeutic value in neuropsychiatric disorders. Existing studies indicate that Scgn is specifically distributed in brain regions such as the olfactory bulb and hippocampus. It engages in Ca²⁺-dependent interactions with key synaptic secretion molecules like SNAP-25 and Doc2α, thereby regulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, pathological alterations in Scgn observed in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy suggest its potential as an early biomarker and therapeutic target, offering significant prospects for translational research.
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