The Construction and Characterization of Chordoma Organoid Models
MAO Yongxin1, LI Junxiao2, XU Wei2*
Chordoma is a rare type of bone tumor that arises from remnants of the embryonic notochord. These tumors typically develop in anatomically challenging locations near the critical blood vessels and nerves, making complete surgical removal difficult. Additionally, chordomas are generally unresponsive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, leading to high rates of recurrence and poor overall prognosis. Current treatment options for chordoma are limited, underscoring the urgent need for novel research models to better understand its pathogenesis and to develop more effective therapies. Traditional cell line models fail to accurately mimic the in vivo characteristics of chordoma, whereas organoid technology offers promising new avenues for disease modeling and drug screening. Here, describe a protocol for generating chordoma organoids from patient tumor tissues, detailing processes such as tissue dissociation, organoid culture and passage, and verification of specific gene expression. Using this method, Chordoma organoid models were successfully established and confirmed to express chordoma-specific markers such as Brachyury and KRT19, demonstrating their ability to faithfully recapitulate the features of in vivo tumors. This model provides an important in vitro research platform for studying the molecular mechanisms of chordoma development and progression, as well as for drug development.
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