Research Progress on the Mechanism of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α in Diabetes Foot Ulcer and the Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine
ZHOU Jun, ZHU Yanguo*, LIU Hongxi
DFU (diabetes foot ulcer) is a serious complication of diabetes, and its refractory wound is closely related to the high disability rate. HIF-1α (hypoxia inducible factor-1α) is a core transcription factor that mediates cel lular responses to hypoxia and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DFU. High glucose and inflammatory micro environment often lead to dysregulation of HIF-1α expression and activity. On the one hand, sustained high glucose and oxidative stress can inhibit the function of HIF-1α, weaken its mediated angiogenesis, energy metabolism, and cell protection, exacerbate tissue ischemia, hypoxia, and endothelial damage, and hinder repair; on the other hand, HIF 1α may be abnormally activated in certain cells in the chronic inflammatory area of the ulcer, promoting the release of pro-inflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteinases, and exacerbating tissue damage. This contradictory imbal ance profoundly affects inflammatory response, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration, and matrix remodel ing, and is an important mechanism for wound persistence and non-healing. In recent years, research has found that monomers of traditional Chinese medicine such as astragaloside IV, curcumin, resveratrol, and compound formulas of traditional Chinese medicine such as Buyang Huanwu Tang can promote wound healing by affecting HIF-1α through multiple pathways. These studies reveal the advantages of multi-target regulation of HIF-1α by traditional Chinese medicine, providing important evidence for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of DFU and the development of new integrated Chinese and Western medicine therapies based on HIF-1α.
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