RNA Modification and Cell Fate Regulation

RNA modification has emerged as a widespread mechanism for regulating gene expression during cell fate determination. Among these modifications, m⁶A (N⁶-methyladenosine), the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes, is dynamically regulated by m⁶A “writer”, “eraser”, and “reader”. m⁶A influences RNA splicing, stability, translation efficiency, and chromatin states, thereby participating in embryonic development, immune responses, and the maintenance of genome stability. Recent advancements in epitranscriptomic sequencing technologies have enabled precise and large-scale detection and analysis of m⁶A methylation on RNA. Furthermore, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in cancer research related to m⁶A, with several small-molecule inhibitors entering clinical trials. This review aims to summarize recent progress in the role of m⁶A modification in cell fate regulation, with a focus on its dynamic regulatory mechanisms, detection technologies, and its impacts on RNA fate, chromatin states, and cancer progression.

CSTR: 32200.14.cjcb.2025.07.0002