Research Progress on Ketone Bodies Regulating Postnatal Organ Development

Ketone bodies, comprising β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone, are metabolites synthesized by the liver via fatty acid oxidation under conditions like low-sugar diet, extended fasting, or intense physical activity. Ketone bodies not only furnish energy during shortages but also act as signaling molecules, facilitating a range of biological functions. These include activating signal transduction pathways through receptor binding and influencing cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis via epigenetic regulation. Based on the previous research findings of this research group and relevant research materials, this article discusses the research progress of ketone bodies in regulating postnatal organ development, especially how ketone bodies regulate the development of key organs such as the heart, reproductive organs, and nervous system. This article reviews and analyzes the role of ketone bodies in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of these organs. Its objective is to suggest novel approaches for treating associated metabolic disorders and developmental anomalies, thereby laying a scientific foundation for subsequent clinical interventions.