Endometrium and Assisted Reproductive Rechnology—from Basic Research to Clinical Translation

ART (assisted reproductive technology) has evolved significantly over the past four decades, establishing itself as a potent solution for infertility. The endometrium, often referred as the ‘soil’, is instrumental in ensuring successful embryo implantation and healthy development. Recent years have seen a surge in research interest towards endometrial receptivity within the sphere of reproductive medicine. This interest, coupled with relevant basic research, has substantially advanced the evolution of clinical diagnostic procedures and treatment pathways. This paper delves into the physiological roles of the endometrium in cyclic repair, microbiota equilibrium, and embryo implantation. It underscores pathological factors, including injury, endometrial dysbiosis, and nonphysiological hormonal levels, that potentially influence the outcomes of ART pregnancies, and discusses the associated diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The paper also sheds light on post-ART complications and offspring health related to the endometrium. By bridging the gap between basic endometrial research and clinical application, this paper aims to explore innovative perspectives and methodologies to further enhance the efficacy and safety of assisted reproductive technology.